【receiving与received的区别】在英语学习过程中，"receiving" 和 "received" 是两个常见但容易混淆的词形。它们都与“接收”有关，但在语法功能和使用场景上存在明显差异。本文将从词性、时态、用法等方面进行对比总结，并通过表格形式清晰展示两者的区别。
一、词性与基本含义
- Receiving 是动词 receive 的现在分词形式，也可作名词使用，表示“正在接收”或“接收的过程”。
- Received 是动词 receive 的过去式和过去分词形式，表示“已经收到”或“被接收”。
二、时态与语态
| 项目 | receiving | received |
| 词性 | 现在分词 / 名词 | 过去式 / 过去分词 |
| 时态 | 一般现在时（进行时） | 一般过去时 / 现在完成时 |
| 语态 | 可用于主动或被动语态 | 多用于被动语态 |
三、用法对比
1. Receiving 常用于描述一个持续的动作或状态：
- I am receiving a lot of emails today.
- The company is in the process of receiving new equipment.
2. Received 通常表示动作已完成，常用于被动语态中：
- I received your message yesterday.
- The package was received by the customer.
四、常见搭配与例句
| 单词 | 常见搭配 | 例句 |
| receiving | receiving attention, receiving help | She is receiving special training from her manager. |
| received | have received, has been received | We have received your application and will contact you. |
五、总结
| 对比项 | receiving | received |
| 词性 | 现在分词 / 名词 | 过去式 / 过去分词 |
| 时态 | 一般现在时（进行时） | 一般过去时 / 现在完成时 |
| 语态 | 主动或被动 | 多为被动 |
| 含义 | 正在接收 / 接收过程 | 已经收到 / 被接收 |
| 用法示例 | He is receiving a call now. | The letter was received last week. |
通过以上对比可以看出，"receiving" 更强调“正在进行”的动作或状态，而 "received" 则表示“已经完成”的接收行为。在实际写作和口语中，正确使用这两个词能有效提升语言表达的准确性与自然度。
